SDL: Added support for simulated vsync in the renderer

From d744aafb0587f8a4917287df8d2e891871e0b324 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sam Lantinga <[EMAIL REDACTED]>
Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2022 01:00:12 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Added support for simulated vsync in the renderer

This kicks in if the platform doesn't support vsync directly, or if the present fails for some reason (e.g. minimized on some platforms)

Fixes https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/5134
---
 src/render/SDL_render.c                  | 61 +++++++++++++++++++++---
 src/render/SDL_sysrender.h               |  7 ++-
 src/render/direct3d/SDL_render_d3d.c     |  7 +--
 src/render/direct3d11/SDL_render_d3d11.c |  6 ++-
 src/render/direct3d12/SDL_render_d3d12.c |  4 +-
 src/render/metal/SDL_render_metal.m      |  7 ++-
 src/render/opengl/SDL_render_gl.c        |  5 +-
 src/render/opengles/SDL_render_gles.c    |  5 +-
 src/render/opengles2/SDL_render_gles2.c  |  5 +-
 src/render/ps2/SDL_render_ps2.c          |  3 +-
 src/render/psp/SDL_render_psp.c          |  8 ++--
 src/render/software/SDL_render_sw.c      |  7 +--
 src/render/vitagxm/SDL_render_vita_gxm.c |  5 +-
 src/video/SDL_sysvideo.h                 |  2 +
 src/video/SDL_video.c                    | 20 ++++----
 15 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/render/SDL_render.c b/src/render/SDL_render.c
index 42cafee93040..0930d80f2b0e 100644
--- a/src/render/SDL_render.c
+++ b/src/render/SDL_render.c
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 #include "SDL_hints.h"
 #include "SDL_render.h"
+#include "SDL_timer.h"
 #include "SDL_sysrender.h"
 #include "software/SDL_render_sw_c.h"
 #include "../video/SDL_pixels_c.h"
@@ -1013,6 +1014,14 @@ SDL_CreateRenderer(SDL_Window * window, int index, Uint32 flags)
         }
     }
 
+    if ((flags & SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC) != 0) {
+        renderer->wanted_vsync = SDL_TRUE;
+
+        if ((renderer->info.flags & SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC) == 0) {
+            renderer->simulate_vsync = SDL_TRUE;
+            renderer->info.flags |= SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC;
+        }
+    }
 
     VerifyDrawQueueFunctions(renderer);
 
@@ -4260,9 +4269,38 @@ SDL_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
                                       format, pixels, pitch);
 }
 
+static void
+SDL_RenderSimulateVSync(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
+{
+    Uint32 now, elapsed;
+    const Uint32 interval = (1000 / 60); /* FIXME: What FPS? */
+
+    if (!interval) {
+        /* We can't do sub-ms delay, so just return here */
+        return;
+    }
+
+    now = SDL_GetTicks();
+    elapsed = (now - renderer->last_present);
+    if (elapsed < interval) {
+        Uint32 duration = (interval - elapsed);
+        SDL_Delay(duration);
+        now = SDL_GetTicks();
+    }
+
+    if (renderer->last_present) {
+        elapsed = (now - renderer->last_present);
+        renderer->last_present += (elapsed / interval) * interval;
+    } else {
+        renderer->last_present = now;
+    }
+}
+
 void
 SDL_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
+    SDL_bool presented = SDL_TRUE;
+
     CHECK_RENDERER_MAGIC(renderer, );
 
     FlushRenderCommands(renderer);  /* time to send everything to the GPU! */
@@ -4270,11 +4308,17 @@ SDL_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 #if DONT_DRAW_WHILE_HIDDEN
     /* Don't present while we're hidden */
     if (renderer->hidden) {
-        return;
-    }
+        presented = SDL_FALSE;
+    } else
 #endif
+    if (renderer->RenderPresent(renderer) < 0) {
+        presented = SDL_FALSE;
+    }
 
-    renderer->RenderPresent(renderer);
+    if (renderer->simulate_vsync || 
+        (!presented && renderer->wanted_vsync)) {
+        SDL_RenderSimulateVSync(renderer);
+    }
 }
 
 void
@@ -4530,10 +4574,15 @@ SDL_RenderSetVSync(SDL_Renderer * renderer, int vsync)
         return SDL_Unsupported();
     }
 
-    if (renderer->SetVSync) {
-        return renderer->SetVSync(renderer, vsync);
+    renderer->wanted_vsync = vsync ? SDL_TRUE : SDL_FALSE;
+
+    if (!renderer->SetVSync ||
+        renderer->SetVSync(renderer, vsync) < 0) {
+        renderer->simulate_vsync = vsync ? SDL_TRUE : SDL_FALSE;
+    } else {
+        renderer->simulate_vsync = SDL_FALSE;
     }
-    return SDL_Unsupported();
+    return 0;
 }
 
 /* vi: set ts=4 sw=4 expandtab: */
diff --git a/src/render/SDL_sysrender.h b/src/render/SDL_sysrender.h
index 4dcb98ac2256..6deb5b2ee102 100644
--- a/src/render/SDL_sysrender.h
+++ b/src/render/SDL_sysrender.h
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ struct SDL_Renderer
     int (*SetRenderTarget) (SDL_Renderer * renderer, SDL_Texture * texture);
     int (*RenderReadPixels) (SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
                              Uint32 format, void * pixels, int pitch);
-    void (*RenderPresent) (SDL_Renderer * renderer);
+    int (*RenderPresent) (SDL_Renderer * renderer);
     void (*DestroyTexture) (SDL_Renderer * renderer, SDL_Texture * texture);
 
     void (*DestroyRenderer) (SDL_Renderer * renderer);
@@ -208,6 +208,11 @@ struct SDL_Renderer
     SDL_Window *window;
     SDL_bool hidden;
 
+    /* Whether we should simulate vsync */
+    SDL_bool wanted_vsync;
+    SDL_bool simulate_vsync;
+    Uint32 last_present;
+
     /* The logical resolution for rendering */
     int logical_w;
     int logical_h;
diff --git a/src/render/direct3d/SDL_render_d3d.c b/src/render/direct3d/SDL_render_d3d.c
index ae83009a5192..cad5536c2e78 100644
--- a/src/render/direct3d/SDL_render_d3d.c
+++ b/src/render/direct3d/SDL_render_d3d.c
@@ -1384,7 +1384,7 @@ D3D_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 D3D_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     D3D_RenderData *data = (D3D_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -1398,15 +1398,16 @@ D3D_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
     result = IDirect3DDevice9_TestCooperativeLevel(data->device);
     if (result == D3DERR_DEVICELOST) {
         /* We'll reset later */
-        return;
+        return -1;
     }
     if (result == D3DERR_DEVICENOTRESET) {
         D3D_Reset(renderer);
     }
     result = IDirect3DDevice9_Present(data->device, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
     if (FAILED(result)) {
-        D3D_SetError("Present()", result);
+        return D3D_SetError("Present()", result);
     }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/direct3d11/SDL_render_d3d11.c b/src/render/direct3d11/SDL_render_d3d11.c
index f7dfefee6153..8369e54f6912 100644
--- a/src/render/direct3d11/SDL_render_d3d11.c
+++ b/src/render/direct3d11/SDL_render_d3d11.c
@@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@ D3D11_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 D3D11_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     D3D11_RenderData *data = (D3D11_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ D3D11_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
          *
          * TODO, WinRT: consider throwing an exception if D3D11_RenderPresent fails, especially if there is a way to salvage debug info from users' machines
          */
-        if ( result == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED ) {
+        if (result == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED) {
             D3D11_HandleDeviceLost(renderer);
         } else if (result == DXGI_ERROR_INVALID_CALL) {
             /* We probably went through a fullscreen <-> windowed transition */
@@ -2342,7 +2342,9 @@ D3D11_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
         } else {
             WIN_SetErrorFromHRESULT(SDL_COMPOSE_ERROR("IDXGISwapChain::Present"), result);
         }
+        return -1;
     }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 #if WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_PHONE_APP
diff --git a/src/render/direct3d12/SDL_render_d3d12.c b/src/render/direct3d12/SDL_render_d3d12.c
index 3fde465b6745..e5cbd4c4f29a 100644
--- a/src/render/direct3d12/SDL_render_d3d12.c
+++ b/src/render/direct3d12/SDL_render_d3d12.c
@@ -2932,7 +2932,7 @@ D3D12_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 D3D12_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     D3D12_RenderData *data = (D3D12_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -2982,6 +2982,7 @@ D3D12_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
         } else {
             WIN_SetErrorFromHRESULT(SDL_COMPOSE_ERROR("IDXGISwapChain::Present"), result);
         }
+        return -1;
     } else {
         /* Wait for the GPU and move to the next frame */
         result = D3D_CALL(data->commandQueue, Signal, data->fence, data->fenceValue);
@@ -3013,6 +3014,7 @@ D3D12_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 #if defined(__XBOXONE__) || defined(__XBOXSERIES__)
         D3D12_XBOX_StartFrame(data->d3dDevice, &data->frameToken);
 #endif
+        return 0;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/render/metal/SDL_render_metal.m b/src/render/metal/SDL_render_metal.m
index fdd0438aa7a0..05328902204c 100644
--- a/src/render/metal/SDL_render_metal.m
+++ b/src/render/metal/SDL_render_metal.m
@@ -1497,7 +1497,7 @@ @implementation METAL_TextureData
     return status;
 }}
 
-static void
+static int
 METAL_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 { @autoreleasepool {
     METAL_RenderData *data = (__bridge METAL_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -1528,6 +1528,11 @@ @implementation METAL_TextureData
     data.mtlcmdencoder = nil;
     data.mtlcmdbuffer = nil;
     data.mtlbackbuffer = nil;
+
+    if (!ready) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
 }}
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/opengl/SDL_render_gl.c b/src/render/opengl/SDL_render_gl.c
index a3f5767e9b35..c55c38769fc6 100644
--- a/src/render/opengl/SDL_render_gl.c
+++ b/src/render/opengl/SDL_render_gl.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #if SDL_VIDEO_RENDER_OGL && !SDL_RENDER_DISABLED
 #include "SDL_hints.h"
+#include "../../video/SDL_sysvideo.h" /* For SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult */
 #include "SDL_opengl.h"
 #include "../SDL_sysrender.h"
 #include "SDL_shaders_gl.h"
@@ -1502,12 +1503,12 @@ GL_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 GL_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     GL_ActivateRenderer(renderer);
 
-    SDL_GL_SwapWindow(renderer->window);
+    return SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(renderer->window);
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/opengles/SDL_render_gles.c b/src/render/opengles/SDL_render_gles.c
index 588644980dd1..a5fbab309eda 100644
--- a/src/render/opengles/SDL_render_gles.c
+++ b/src/render/opengles/SDL_render_gles.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #if SDL_VIDEO_RENDER_OGL_ES && !SDL_RENDER_DISABLED
 
 #include "SDL_hints.h"
+#include "../../video/SDL_sysvideo.h" /* For SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult */
 #include "SDL_opengles.h"
 #include "../SDL_sysrender.h"
 #include "../../SDL_utils_c.h"
@@ -948,12 +949,12 @@ GLES_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 GLES_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     GLES_ActivateRenderer(renderer);
 
-    SDL_GL_SwapWindow(renderer->window);
+    return SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(renderer->window);
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/opengles2/SDL_render_gles2.c b/src/render/opengles2/SDL_render_gles2.c
index 76062629fa28..8718f7964f38 100644
--- a/src/render/opengles2/SDL_render_gles2.c
+++ b/src/render/opengles2/SDL_render_gles2.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #if SDL_VIDEO_RENDER_OGL_ES2 && !SDL_RENDER_DISABLED
 
 #include "SDL_hints.h"
+#include "../../video/SDL_sysvideo.h" /* For SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult */
 #include "SDL_opengles2.h"
 #include "../SDL_sysrender.h"
 #include "../../video/SDL_blit.h"
@@ -1983,11 +1984,11 @@ GLES2_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return status;
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 GLES2_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer *renderer)
 {
     /* Tell the video driver to swap buffers */
-    SDL_GL_SwapWindow(renderer->window);
+    return SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(renderer->window);
 }
 
 static int
diff --git a/src/render/ps2/SDL_render_ps2.c b/src/render/ps2/SDL_render_ps2.c
index ec89663c7d6b..ad25306762d9 100644
--- a/src/render/ps2/SDL_render_ps2.c
+++ b/src/render/ps2/SDL_render_ps2.c
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ PS2_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return SDL_Unsupported();
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 PS2_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     PS2_RenderData *data = (PS2_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -676,6 +676,7 @@ PS2_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 	}
 	gsKit_TexManager_nextFrame(data->gsGlobal);
     gsKit_clear(data->gsGlobal, GS_BLACK);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/psp/SDL_render_psp.c b/src/render/psp/SDL_render_psp.c
index cdc0b9156740..6f0844054e6d 100644
--- a/src/render/psp/SDL_render_psp.c
+++ b/src/render/psp/SDL_render_psp.c
@@ -1250,12 +1250,13 @@ PSP_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
     return SDL_Unsupported();
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 PSP_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     PSP_RenderData *data = (PSP_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
-    if(!data->displayListAvail)
-        return;
+    if (!data->displayListAvail) {
+        return -1;
+    }
 
     data->displayListAvail = SDL_FALSE;
     sceGuFinish();
@@ -1268,6 +1269,7 @@ PSP_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
     data->backbuffer = data->frontbuffer;
     data->frontbuffer = vabsptr(sceGuSwapBuffers());
 
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/software/SDL_render_sw.c b/src/render/software/SDL_render_sw.c
index 34092b58d747..874f92b330f1 100644
--- a/src/render/software/SDL_render_sw.c
+++ b/src/render/software/SDL_render_sw.c
@@ -983,14 +983,15 @@ SW_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer * renderer, const SDL_Rect * rect,
                              format, pixels, pitch);
 }
 
-static void
+static int
 SW_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer)
 {
     SDL_Window *window = renderer->window;
 
-    if (window) {
-        SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window);
+    if (!window) {
+        return -1;
     }
+    return SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window);
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/render/vitagxm/SDL_render_vita_gxm.c b/src/render/vitagxm/SDL_render_vita_gxm.c
index a4b2cee6f154..b76a91bd1fae 100644
--- a/src/render/vitagxm/SDL_render_vita_gxm.c
+++ b/src/render/vitagxm/SDL_render_vita_gxm.c
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static int VITA_GXM_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer *renderer, const SDL_Rect *rec
     Uint32 pixel_format, void *pixels, int pitch);
 
 
-static void VITA_GXM_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer *renderer);
+static int VITA_GXM_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer *renderer);
 static void VITA_GXM_DestroyTexture(SDL_Renderer *renderer, SDL_Texture *texture);
 static void VITA_GXM_DestroyRenderer(SDL_Renderer *renderer);
 
@@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ VITA_GXM_RenderReadPixels(SDL_Renderer *renderer, const SDL_Rect *rect,
 }
 
 
-static void
+static int
 VITA_GXM_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer *renderer)
 {
     VITA_GXM_RenderData *data = (VITA_GXM_RenderData *) renderer->driverdata;
@@ -1227,6 +1227,7 @@ VITA_GXM_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer *renderer)
     data->pool_index = 0;
 
     data->current_pool = (data->current_pool + 1) % 2;
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/src/video/SDL_sysvideo.h b/src/video/SDL_sysvideo.h
index 4f602d305a6f..7202f1d6b3c8 100644
--- a/src/video/SDL_sysvideo.h
+++ b/src/video/SDL_sysvideo.h
@@ -519,6 +519,8 @@ extern void SDL_ToggleDragAndDropSupport(void);
 
 extern int SDL_GetPointDisplayIndex(const SDL_Point * point);
 
+extern int SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(SDL_Window * window);
+
 #endif /* SDL_sysvideo_h_ */
 
 /* vi: set ts=4 sw=4 expandtab: */
diff --git a/src/video/SDL_video.c b/src/video/SDL_video.c
index 3f4cfd7ecf0f..992a76d467d2 100644
--- a/src/video/SDL_video.c
+++ b/src/video/SDL_video.c
@@ -4152,22 +4152,26 @@ SDL_GL_GetSwapInterval(void)
     }
 }
 
-void
-SDL_GL_SwapWindow(SDL_Window * window)
+int
+SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(SDL_Window * window)
 {
-    CHECK_WINDOW_MAGIC(window,);
+    CHECK_WINDOW_MAGIC(window, -1);
 
     if (!(window->flags & SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL)) {
-        SDL_SetError("The specified window isn't an OpenGL window");
-        return;
+        return SDL_SetError("The specified window isn't an OpenGL window");
     }
 
     if (SDL_GL_GetCurrentWindow() != window) {
-        SDL_SetError("The specified window has not been made current");
-        return;
+        return SDL_SetError("The specified window has not been made current");
     }
 
-    _this->GL_SwapWindow(_this, window);
+    return _this->GL_SwapWindow(_this, window);
+}
+
+void
+SDL_GL_SwapWindow(SDL_Window * window)
+{
+    SDL_GL_SwapWindowWithResult(window);
 }
 
 void